Estoy en el que llamamos «Hospital en la Colina» de Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF) en Bangladesh. Desde aquí, desde este cerro en Bazar, se divisa parte del mayor campo de refugiados del mundo. Bazar, un destino turístico de playas kilométricas en el sureste del país, alberga hoy un millón de refugiados rohingyas.
A pesar de haber estado dos años trabajando en este lugar, me sigue sorprendiendo su enorme escala. Es un caos organizado, una mezcla de precarias cabañas de bambú y plástico construidas con la misma rapidez con la que se taló el bosque. Una apariencia de orden jalonada de caminos y desagües que, como cicatrices, recorren las cimas y las laderas de las colinas, todo ello contenido dentro de un kilómetro tras otro de vallas de alambre de espino.… Seguir leyendo »
As of February 2018, the United Nations estimates that almost 1 million Rohingya refugees have fled Burma’s violent campaign of ethnic cleansing. Almost universally, they’ve moved into refugee settlements in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.
That is straining Bangladesh, which has absorbed a remarkable number of people in just six months, leading to desperately cramped conditions in the camps. Bangladesh is small, low-lying, under-resourced and overcrowded. And its leaders and citizens are growing impatient with the fallout of Burma’s purge of the Rohingya. Here are five ways this massive number of refugees is straining their host nation.
Political impact
When the military of Burma, also called Myanmar, launched its mass violence campaign in late August 2017, Bangladesh was initially reluctant to open its border to Rohingya refugees.… Seguir leyendo »
As the Burmese military drives out upward of 600,000 Rohingya in what one United Nations official called “a textbook example of ethnic cleansing,” most media analyses correctly highlight ethno-religious discrimination and economic motives.
But that leaves us with the question: Why only the Rohingya? Burma, also known as Myanmar, has other hated ethnic groups. Since the country first gained independence from the British in 1948, its government has been fighting the Karen, the Karenni, the Kachin, the Shan and the Mon. Those ethnic groups have had armed militias for decades. The Rohingya only recently spawned a small armed group — and most Rohingya disapprove of their methods.… Seguir leyendo »
They may be out of harm’s way, for now, but their ordeal continues. Over the past two months, more than 600,000 Rohingya refugees have crossed the border from Burma, also known as Myanmar, to seek shelter in Bangladesh. Not since the Rwandan genocide has a humanitarian crisis unfolded so fast and on such a scale. If one counts the hundreds of thousands who were already based here, driven out by earlier waves of violence in Rakhine state, there are now more than a million Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh.
At first, the new arrivals were welcomed. Across Bangladesh, there is an outpouring of sympathy for the persecuted minority who have been driven from their homes by a harrowing campaign of torture, rape, killings, arson and other human rights violations.… Seguir leyendo »
More than half a million Rohingya have arrived in Bangladesh from Myanmar since late August, escaping what U.N. officials have described as a classic case of ethnic cleansing.
Myanmar’s army launched comprehensive attacks on Rohingya villages in the country’s Rakhine state after the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) — a Rohingya militant group — attacked Myanmar’s police. The country’s 1.1 million Rohingya Muslims are essentially stateless. Their government claims they are illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, but many Rohingya say they have lived in Myanmar for generations. Accounts of their origin vary — some historians trace them back to 15th century Arab, Turkish, or Mongol migrants, while others claim they have come from Bangladesh in phases.… Seguir leyendo »
La crise des Rohingyas est-elle vraiment un sujet d’actualité ? La question peut surprendre alors que plus de 400 000 personnes viennent de fuir vers le Bangladesh dans des conditions épouvantables et que la mystérieuse Armée arakanaise du salut Rohingyas (Arsa) a fait très récemment son apparition médiatique. Il ne s’agit pourtant là que de l’écume d’une crise qui dure depuis l’indépendance de la Birmanie et semble condamnée à s’aggraver toujours davantage.
En préface à la deuxième édition d’un livre sur cette minorité, paru il y a un peu moins d’un an (1), je notais qu’au cours de la dernière décennie la situation de cette population musulmane d’Arakhan (province la plus occidentale du pays) ne s’était absolument pas améliorée.… Seguir leyendo »
Como suele suceder, la alarma la dio un artista. Se llama Barbet Schroeder, y su llamado de atención fue en la forma de un film, estupendo, sobrio, titulado The Venerable W., que hace un retrato del monje budista birmano Ashin Wirathu. Conocido como “W”, Wirathu es la otra cara de una religión generalmente vista como arquetipo de paz, amor y armonía. Y tras su faz de racismo, se esconde una orientación budista violenta más amplia que quita el aliento.
El film de Schroeder se presentó en el Festival de Cannes 2017 y concitó enorme atención de los medios. En una aparición posterior en la televisión, Schroeder alertó que los rohinyás, la minoría musulmana del estado birmano de Rakáin, estaban en la mira del sanguinario “Movimiento 969” de Wirathu.… Seguir leyendo »
A humanitarian catastrophe is unfolding along the Bangladesh-Burma border. More than 370,000 Rohingya have fled a violent military crackdown in Burma, also known as Myanmar, and are crowded in desperate conditions in Chittagong, Bangladesh. This political and humanitarian emergency is acute, volatile and could breed instability in Bangladesh and beyond.
Here are five points essential to understanding the complex and multidimensional crisis.
1. Civilians are paying the price for a small, armed insurgency
For decades, Burma has systematically persecuted the Rohingya, an ethnic and religious minority living in the state of Rakhine; at times, that persecution has included violence. But the current scale of attacks is unprecedented.… Seguir leyendo »
Les images de villages incendiés par les forces de sécurité et les groupes paramilitaires bouddhistes, les témoignages concordants des réfugiés interrogés, les photos satellites disponibles et le documentaire poignant du New York Times confirment les craintes d’un nettoyage ethnique à grande échelle à l’encontre des Rohingyas. La communauté internationale s’évertue à convaincre Aung San Suu Kyi d’agir pour stopper l’exode et les crimes commis dans l’Etat du Rakhine mais elle a peu de pouvoir. Patriote bouddhiste, elle baigne depuis longtemps dans une propagande anti-rohingya à laquelle elle adhère pleinement. Cela ne signifie pas qu’elle souscrit aux crimes commis sur le terrain.… Seguir leyendo »
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