David V. Gioe

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U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez is seen through the viewfinder of a camera as he speaks during a news conference in Union City, N.J., on Sept. 25. Michael M. Santiago/Getty Images

The world of global espionage has traditionally been dominated by the big powers—Russia, China, the United States, France, and Britain. But a series of recent revelations are a reminder that the intelligence services of middle powers—particularly those of the so-called global south—are not only active in the West, but also likely expanding the scope and ambition of their activities. The ramifications of these activities could rival any major power spy scandal. The states are smaller, but the stakes are not.

Three recent cases offer a snapshot into the capabilities of middle powers’ spycraft regimes and suggest some ways that Western nations can better anticipate—and even prepare to thwart—these threats in the future.…  Seguir leyendo »