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Una mujer en Nueva Jersey es interrogada por policías por una presunta posesión de heroína. Credit Jessica Kourkounis para The New York Times

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La guerra contra las drogas en Estados Unidos ha sido un fracaso que ha arruinado vidas, ha abarrotado las cárceles y ha costado una fortuna. Comenzó durante el gobierno de Nixon con la idea de que, dado que las drogas son malas para las personas, tiene que ser difícil conseguirlas. En consecuencia, se planteó una guerra contra el suministro.

Durante la epidemia del crack en la década de los ochenta, Nancy Reagan, la primera dama, trató de cambiar este enfoque. Sin embargo, su campaña para reducir la demanda, “Di no a las drogas”, tuvo un respaldo limitado.

El 25 de octubre de 1988, después de enfrentarse a las objeciones de una burocracia enfocada en el suministro de drogas, le dijo a una audiencia de las Naciones Unidas: “Si no podemos detener la demanda de drogas en Estados Unidos, habrá pocas esperanzas de evitar que los productores extranjeros satisfagan esa demanda.…  Seguir leyendo »

A New Jersey woman who was questioned by police officers about possession of heroin. Credit Jessica Kourkounis for The New York Times

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The war on drugs in the United States has been a failure that has ruined lives, filled prisons and cost a fortune. It started during the Nixon administration with the idea that, because drugs are bad for people, they should be difficult to obtain. As a result, it became a war on supply.

As first lady during the crack epidemic, Nancy Reagan tried to change this approach in the 1980s. But her “Just Say No” campaign to reduce demand received limited support.

Over the objections of the supply-focused bureaucracy, she told a United Nations audience on Oct. 25, 1988: “If we cannot stem the American demand for drugs, then there will be little hope of preventing foreign drug producers from fulfilling that demand.…  Seguir leyendo »

A Mexican smuggler known as Flaco in front of the border wall dividing Nogales, Ariz., from Mexico. Credit Patrick Tombola

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Crouched in the spiky terrain near this border city, a veteran smuggler known as Flaco points to the steel border fence and describes how he has taken drugs and people into the United States for more than three decades. His smuggling techniques include everything from throwing drugs over in gigantic catapults to hiding them in the engine cars of freight trains to making side tunnels off the cross-border sewage system.

When asked whether the border wall promised by President Trump will stop smugglers, he smiles. “This is never going to stop, neither the narco trafficking nor the illegals,” he says. “There will be more tunnels.…  Seguir leyendo »

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Some say that the state of Michoacan, deep in south Mexico, is where the "war on drugs" really started, back in 1985. It was there that Mexican drug lords upped the stakes by burying in a shallow grave the body of a young Drug Enforcement Administration agent, Enrique Camarena, whom they had kidnapped and killed. The U.S. Congress responded months later with strict anti-drug laws, including a mandatory minimum sentence of 10 years in prison for anyone trafficking in five grams of crack cocaine or 500 grams of powder cocaine.

At that time, crack was certainly producing more violence on the streets than powder cocaine, and beat cops were expressing frustration at this ever-increasing drug market.…  Seguir leyendo »